The global Covid-19 pandemic had seen inequalities much exacerbated and disparities between and within nations widened. The socio-economic crisis experienced in Brazil is no exception. The long-term impacts of the pandemic on our socio-economic and political lives and how they shape the production and reproduction of inequalities will continue to dominate contemporary socio-logical debates. We propose a set of original papers that focus not only on the measurement of social inequalities, but seek to articulate the complex social processes based on new empirical evidence on wealth distribution, well-being and life chances in the 21st century. Despite being a late-industrialized country, the general trends observed in Brazil in inequalities can shed light on similar de-velopments in other societies, and this Special Issue aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the persistent and deepening inequalities worldwide.