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The everyday activities associated with illicit urban economies, and illicit drug markets in particular, are often held to have a strong territorial basis, with supply and consumption concentrated in specific, often marginalized areas. As illicit transactions become digitalized, it is precisely these socio-spatial patterns that shift, with profound consequences for the risks experienced by dealers, consumers and other residents. Focusing on micro-transactions in illicit drugs, this project asks: How are digital technologies changing the everyday urban geographies of drug dealing?As drug dealers turn to app-based home delivery to expand their markets and evade the police, are spatially dispersed, ?Uberized? transactions replacing street dealers? Digitalization transforms how dealers know and use urban space, and how they interact with consumers and other residents ? these socio-spatial shifts have important consequences for where illicit economies can flourish, where drugs are consumed, and where low-level drug suppliers, users and other residents are exposed to harm. Urban scholarship has begun to explore how digitalization is transforming urban economies, dramatically reconfiguring labor and consumption, while often exacerbating unequal distributions of risks. While providing key insights into how digital technologies afford new spatial epistemologies, practices and encounters, this research has largely ignored the digitalization of illicit economies. Yet bringing a sociotechnical perspective to the study of illicit economic activities is critical to understanding how uneven landscapes of risk emerge. The project analyzes illicit micro-transactions in Amsterdam and Rio de Janeiro, cities with established local drug markets but contrasting socio-spatial configurations. The comparative approach helps distinguish city-specific sociotechnical genealogies from more generalizable mechanisms, while researching dealers and consumers together allows a relational understanding of digitalization. Through ethnographies at the urban/digital interface, tethered to both wealthier and low-income areas, the project studies whether, how and why the digitalization of illicit economies is reconfiguring the socio-spatial distribution of risk.

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